Kaha e ne e le hlaha ebile e le matla joalo ka mehleng ea Captain Juan de Grijalva, noka ke matla a e-so ka a angoa a hlahang lithabeng tse telele tsa Guatemala.
Le ha e ne e le hlaha ebile e le matla joalo ka mehleng ea Motsamaisi Juan de Grijalva, noka ke matla a sa sebetsoang a nyolohang lithabeng tse phahameng tsa Guatemala mme hang ha a bokella metsi a Lacantún, Usumacinta e kena sebakeng sa Mexico ka tsohle tse teng hona joale. e potlakile ebile e tebile ho fihlela e kenella ka tlhōlo khoeling e ntle ea Boca del Cerro.
E ntse e tsoela pele ho leba ntlheng e ka boroa-bochabela-leboea-bophirima 'me e haola ka har'a likhohlo tse kholo lipakeng tsa likhohlo le lithaba tse its'oarellang mafikeng a lejoe la mokoetla, masaleng le majoeng a lehlabathe a Cretaceous, a lutseng karolong e tebileng e bileng teng ke lipolokelo tsa Jurassic.
Hang ha e bokella metsi a Lacantún, Usumacinta e kena sebakeng sa Mexico, moo e hlalosoang ke matla a eona a tebileng le a potlakileng; nakoana kamora moo, e moeling oa toropo e ntle ea Mayan ea Yaxchilán, ebe metsi a eona ha a utloisisehe, libanka li ba le bolelele 'me li-rapids tsa pele li hlaha nokeng e koaletsoeng teronkong, Anaité, e lateloang ke El Cayo, Piedras Negras mme qetellong San José, ho Ho tloha moo e oelang lipakeng tsa likhohlo tse butsoeng ka matla a likete tsa lilemo ke khoholeho ea noka.
KA MOR'A LEFOKO LE LEFATŠE LA 200 KM
Kamora nako, noka e halalelang ea litšoene e kena ka tlholo e ntle ea Boca del Cerro canyon, e leng mosebetsi o hlollang oa tlhaho o pota-potiloeng ke mafika a maholo a bophahamo ba limithara tse 200, a fapaneng le 'mala o khanyang oa lamunu oa borokho ba tšepe o o tšelang Lehlakore le ka leboea. Ka lebaka la botle ba eona bo bohehang le phapang e fapaneng ea likokoana-hloko, khohlo ena ke e 'ngoe ea tse hohelang ka ho fetesisa ho masepala oa Tenosique, Tabasco, moo lipale tse potolohang ka mahaha a maholohali a fihlang lithakong tsa Palenque le likotopo tse chekiloeng khale.
Ho utulla liphiri tsena, joalo ka mehla ke tsamaea le Pedro García Conde, Amaury Soler, Ricardo Araiza, Paco Hernández le Ramiro Porter; boiphihlelo ba rona bo qala phuleng ea San Carlos, ho tloha moo re tlohang hoseng.
TS'ELISO MOLAPO
Ka bophara ba bolelele ba limithara tse 150 le 'mala o botala bo botala ba emeralde, phallo ea Usumacinta e ka feta lik'hilomithara tse' maloa, e leng se u lumellang ho khahloa ke mabota a malelele a nyolohang ka lehlakoreng le leng la canyon le mekotla ea meru. li koahetse esita le litlhōrō tsa tsona tse phahameng ka ho fetisisa. Re kopile motho ea re tsamaisang ka sekepe, Apolinar López Martínez, hore a re ise libakeng tse potlakileng tsa San José, ho tloha moo ho ea qala lipatlisiso ho theosa le noka.
Ha re ntse re tsamaea ka sekepe ha re lahleheloe ke makolopetso ka limela tse ntle tsa tropike tse koahelang mafika le mabōpo. Pele e ne e le morena oa libaka tsena e ne e le mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla), e ileng ea nyoloha ho fihla ho 50 kapa 60 m, e phatlalatsa semela sa eona se seholo morung oa Mayan. Kajeno ho na le mehlala libakeng tse hole haholo tsa Lacandonia, empa sebaka sa bona se nkuoe ke mefuta e meng e seng matla joalo ka El Ramón, Canshán, Pukté, Mocayo le Bellota gris. Litšoene, li-jaguar, li-ocelot, li-tapir, likhama tse mehatla e tšoeu, bo-'mankhane le linonyana le lihahabi tse ngata haholo li lula ho tsona.
Ha re atamela haholo lebopong, lerata la enjene le hlokomelisa sehlopha sa litšoene tse bokollang (Allouatta palliata) li phomotse sefateng; ba halefile, ba-Saraguato ba re nehela konsarete ea mehoo e lerata e utluoang ho pholletsa le canyon. Ha ho polokelo ea liphoofolo lefatšeng, ho sa tsotelehe hore na e se e le ea sejoale-joale ebile e sebetsa joang, e ka fanang ka setšoantšo sena se setle haholo seo re se ratang haholo. Ho feta moo, lebopong le moepa le koahetsoeng ke limela, re ile ra bona khama e mohatla o mosoeu.
LIEKETSENG MOHAPI
Pakeng tsa seretse se chesang sa San José le San Joseíto re hlahloba lehaha, eseng le tebileng haholo, empa sebaka se le potileng se setle haholo, se entsoe ka majoe a maholohali a mafika a robehileng moo matlapa a majoe, litselana tsa tlhaho le mekhabiso e loketseng ho hloa e ngata.
Ha re khutlela nokeng re leba moo marang-rang a leng teng; Ha a botsoa hore na o tseba letho ka bona, Don Apolinar o araba ka hore ho na le ba 12 mme ba epollotsoe ke Federal Electricity Commission lipakeng tsa 1966 le 1972 ho ithuta jioloji ea sebaka seo. Mona, phula ea noka ea Usumacinta e na le bophara bo pakeng tsa 150 le 250 m, mme leha e le holimo e bonahala e khutsitse ebile e khutsitse, ka tlasa eona e tsamaea ka matla a tšosang le ka lebelo, e khona ho hulela setsebi se sesang haholo ho ea tlase. Mohlomong ka lebaka leo liketsoana tse tšelang metsi a tsona li patisane haholo, ho fihlella ts'ebetso e potlakileng le e potlakileng.
Ka metsotso e mmalwa re ka pela kotopo e bulehileng leboteng le ka bophirima la canyon, bophahamong ba limithara tse robeli kaholimo ho noka; kotopo e likhutlo li 'ne, e na le bolelele ba limithara tse 60 le litemana tse peli tse mahlakoreng tse khutšoane. Kotopo ea bobeli e leboteng le fapaneng. E batla e tšoana le eo re sa tsoa e hlahloba, empa e kholo ho feta moo ebile e pharalletseng, e nang le bolelele ba gallery ea 73.75 m le tsela e lehlakoreng ka lehlakoreng le letšehali le lekanyang limithara tse 36.
Mekholutsoane, bo-'mankhane, likho le likokoanyana tse hahabang ke bahiri ba likoti tsena tsa maiketsetso tse sa makatseng, tseo ka hare ho tsona ho nang le masapo a liphoofolo, lithupelo, thapo bakeng sa liqhomane -ermermord- 'me ehlile li-concretion tsa calcite tse hlahisitsoeng ke ho lutla ea metsi a tlatsitsoeng ka carbon dioxide.
MELAO EA PAKAL
Haufi le mona ho na le mahaha a mabeli, oa pele mabopong a noka. Le ha tšōmo e na le taba ea hore e fihla boreneng ba King Pakal ka boeena, e bolelele ba limithara tse 106 feela; ea bobeli e putsa boiteko ba rona; Ke mokoti oa mesaletsa ea khale, o nang le likhalase le likamore tse pharalletseng tse ajoang maemong a mabeli, moo lihlopha tse ntle tsa stalactites li khabisang liphaposi tse bophahamo ba limithara tse 20. Le ha Don Apolinar a hlalosa hore lehaha le ile la sibolloa ke batho ba hloang lithaba lilemong tse fetileng, likotoana tsa letsopa monyako li bonts'a ts'ebeliso eo e neng e fuoe eona mehleng ea pele ho Sepanishe.
Masala ana a re hopotsa hore, ntle le bohlokoa ba eona ba tlhaho, Usumacinta e na le bohlokoa bo boholo nalaneng, hobane mehleng ea khale e ne e le karolo ea tšebelisano ea tsoelopele ea Mayane ea nako ea khale, hammoho le melatsoana ea eona. Ho hakanngoa hore linakong tsa botle bo boholohali ba setso sa Mayane, ho ea selemong sa 700 sa mehla ea rona, batho ba fetang limilione tse hlano ba ne ba lula sebakeng seo. Metse ea Yaxchilán, Palenque, Bonampak le Pomoná e bontša bohlokoa ba lintho tsa khale tsa Usumacinta, joalo ka libaka tse ling tse likete tse nyane.
Ha ho nahanoa tse kaholimo le ho leka ho e boloka bakeng sa meloko e tlang, mmuso oa naha ea Tabasco o ntse o le mothating oa ho kopanya sebaka sena se setle le Sisteme ea Libaka tsa Tlhaho tse Sirelelitsoeng, eo e tla e fa sebaka sa lihekthere tse 25 tse nang le lebitso la Usumacinta River Canyon State Park.
