Ha khoebo e otlolohileng lipakeng tsa Manila le New Spain e theoa ka 1573, ka Nao de China, phapang e kholo ea lintho tsa mabothobotho tse tsoang Bochabela li ile tsa qala ho fihla naheng ea rona, ntle le linoko tsa bohlokoa, joalo ka mabenyane, libapali, jj. li-lacquers, pampiri e takiloeng ka letsoho, lithaole tsa lenaka la tlou, thepa ea ka tlung, lintho tsa ho bapala le mefuta eohle ea silika le masela a k'hothone, lintho tsohle tse hohelang ka botle ba tsona le botle ba tsona. E 'ngoe ea tsona e ile ea hlahella ka mokhoa o tsotehang ho feta tse ling: letsopa le letle la China.
Lits'epe tsa pele tsa ho fihla New Spain li ne li le putsoa le tšoeu ka mokhabiso o felletseng oa bochabela le libopeho; Leha ho le joalo, ho tloha lekholong la bo18 la lilemo ho ea pele, likotoana tsa polychrome li ile tsa kenyelletsoa khoebong ena, hara tsona e le ea mokhoa oo kajeno re o tsebang e le Porcelana de Compañía de Indias, o ipitsang ka lik'hamphani tsa likepe tsa likepe tsa Europe - tseo e neng e le tsona pele ho e tsamaisa le ho e rekisa Europe ka sampole ea sistimi.
Ho khetheha ha letsopa lena ho teng ka lebaka la hore libopeho tsa lona li bululetsoe ke letsopa la Bophirimela le ho etsa khauta 'me mokhabiso oa lona o kopanya mekhabiso ea China le Bophirimela, kaha e ne e entsoe ka ho khetheha, e bopiloe ebile e khabisitsoe ho khotsofatsa tatso ea Europe e batlang. le Amerika.
Boholo, Khamphani ea Porcelain ea Indies e entsoe toropong ea Jingdezhen, eo e neng e le setsi sa mantlha sa ceramic Chaena; Ho tloha moo, e ile ea isoa Canton, moo mefuta e fapaneng ea likotoana e ileng ea fetisetsoa litsing tsa boithabiso tse ileng tsa amohela mapolanka a masoeu, kapa a khabisitsoe hanyane, e le hore lithebe kapa li-initials tsa beng ba bokamoso li eketsoe ho bona ha litaelo li fihla. .
Ka lehlakoreng le leng, lik'hamphani tsa likepe li ne li na le likotoana tse makholo tse seng li khabisitsoe ka polokelo ea tsona ka meralo e tloaelehileng haholo, e hlalosang hore na hobaneng hangata re fumana mefuta e batlang e tšoana likopanong tsa Mexico le tsa kantle ho naha.
E ne e le bohareng ba lekholo la bo18 la lilemo ha batho ba phahameng ba Spain ba ne ba latela feshene e thehiloeng ke tatso ea Europe ea ho fumana letsopa le ho qala liodara tsa bona, empa ka tsela e fapaneng le ea Likhamphani tsa Indies. Kaha New Spain e ne e sena k'hamphani ea likepe e thehiloeng ka kotloloho Canton, khoebo ea Compañía de Indias Porcelain e ile ea etsoa ka ho kenella ha barekisi ba New Spain - ba Manila - kapa balekane ba bona ba Mafilipino, ba kopileng likotoana tse fapaneng tsa letsopa tse khabisitsoeng ke bahoebi ba China ba fihlileng koung eo.
Hamorao, ha litaelo li se li lokile, li ile tsa romelloa lebopong la New Spain. Hajoale, barekisi ba bangata ba ile ba amohela thekiso mme ba ne ba ikarabella khoebong ea eona, ekaba ka ho e rekisa mabenkeleng kapa ho e aba ka matlo a khoebo a ba romelletseng ho batho ka bomong kapa ho litsi tse rometseng ho etsa litafole tsa bona ka kopo e ikhethileng.
Metsoako e meng e bile ea tla e le limpho. Lipoleiti, lipoleiti, li-tureen, lipane tsa sopho, lijeke, likotlolo, likotlolo, litlolo tse nkhang hamonate le li-spittoon, ke tse ling tsa lintho tse sebelisoang letsatsi le letsatsi, tse reretsoeng tafole, ntloana le, ka linako tse ling, bakeng sa mokhabiso, tseo Machaena a neng a tlameha ho ikamahanya le tsona meralo ea setso ho fihlela tlhoko ea letsopa ka Bophirima.
Haholo-holo bakeng sa mmaraka oa New Spain, letoto la lintho li entsoe joalo ka mancerinas - e sebelisitsoeng hammoho le kopi ho noa chokolete e tsebahalang- le letoto la lits'ebeletso tsa tafole, eo mokhabiso oa eona o ka sehloohong o neng o na le thebe ea lelapa kapa setsi bohareng ba likotoana tseo ba e qapile.
Ena ke taba ea Proclamation Tableware e tummeng e neng e e-na le sehopotso ho feta ts'ebeliso ea ts'ebeliso mme e ile ea laeloa ho tsoa Chaena hore hamorao e abeloe banna ba tummeng ba toropo joalo ka sehopotso sa phatlalatso ea Carlos IV teroneng ea Spain. Kahoo, Makhotla a Motse a Mexico, Puebla de los Ángeles, Valladolid (kajeno Morelia), San Miguel El Grande (kajeno ke Allende), Consulate ea Mexico, Royal Court le Royal le Pontifical University ba rometsoe ho ea bapala lipapali tsena e le karolo ho feta mekete e majabajaba ea sechaba seo sa baroque.
Lithebe tse emeloang ho tsona li nkuoe ho meralo ea likhau tsa sehopotso tse entsoeng ke sengoli se tummeng Gerónimo Antonio Gil, Senior Carver oa Royal Mint le motsamaisi oa pele oa Royal Academy ea San Carlos, ea entseng mefuta e mengata ea likhau pakeng tsa 1789 le 1791 bakeng sa makhotla a mang, makhotla le liholo tsa litoropo, hape e le sehopotso sa ketsahalo eo. Botšepehi boo Machaena a kopitsitseng mefuta ea bona boa hlolla, hobane ba bile ba hlahisa lets'oao la Gil lithebe tse khabisang lintho.
Mexico kajeno tse ling tsa lipitsa tsa letsopa li phela, ka bobeli likopanong tsa poraefete le limusiamong, ho kenyeletsoa Museum of National Viceroyalty kapa Franz Mayer e bonts'ang bonyane mehlala e tšeletseng e ikhethang ea lijana tseo ka nako ea tsona e neng e le karolo ea Tableware. ea Phatlalatso. Ka kakaretso, likotoana tsena li ne li etsoa ka lekhaba le tloaelehileng le hlahisang setaele se ts'oanang le lekhapetla la lamunu; leha ho le joalo, re ananela tlhokomelo ea bona ea ho hlakisa le lintlha tse nyane ka ho fetesisa.
Li-enamel tsena li entsoe ka oxide ea tšepe ea mebala eohle, leha bongata bo putsoa, bofubelu, botala, pinki le khauta. Boholo ba likotoana li ne li khabisitsoe ka mola o mebala, ho phatsima ha gauta le moeli o itseng o tsejoang ka "Punta de Lanza", ke hore, setaele kapa tlhaloso ea fleur de lis le hore hammoho le sebopeho tse mpe li supa hore ke Khampani ea Porcelain ea li-Indies.
Ka nako eo batho ba maemo a holimo ba neng ba phela bophelo bo ruileng, bo fapaneng le bo maphathaphathe ba sechaba bo neng bo kenyelletsa meketjana le meketjana le moo mabothobotho a neng a bontšoa phatlalatsa, liphahlo le matlo, letsopa lena le ne le lula sebakeng se hlahelletseng trousseau ea matlo a borena le matlo a maholo, ba arolelanang sebaka le lihaha tsa silevera tsa Mexico, likristale tsa Bohemia le masela a tafole a majabajaba a nang le lesela la Flanders.
Ka bomalimabe, tlhahiso ea Porcelain de Compania de Indias e ile ea fokotseha ha MaEuropa a ntse a ntlafatsa tsebo ea letsopa -e ntle ka ho fetisisa ea letsopa-, empa ha ho pelaelo hore bonono bona bo khahlisang bo tsoang Chaena bo amme tatso ea Sechaba sa Mexico ka nako eo mme sena se bonahala tlhahisong ea letsopa ea lehae, haholoholo ea Talavera Puebla, ka mefuta ea eona le ka mekhabiso e khabisitsoeng.
Mohloli: Mexico ka Nako ea 25 Phupu / Phato 1998
